Alternatives to HCFCs in the Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Sector 79 app endix II AB Alkyl benzene Article 2 countries P arties to the Montreal Protocol that do not operate under Article 5. “Article 2 countries” refer to developed countries. Article 5 countries D eveloping country Parties to the Montreal Protocol whose annual per capita consumption and production of ozone depleting substances (ODS) is less than 0.3 kg to comply with the control measures of the Protocol, are referred to as Article 5 countries. Currently, 147 of the 196 Parties to the Montreal Protocol meet these criteria. Article 5 countries are eligible to receive technical and financial assistance from the Multilateral Fund Secretariat, as per Article 10 of the Protocol. Azeotrope refrigerant A refrigerant that is a blend of several components and will behave as a single component refrigerant. C FCs Chlorofluorocarbons CO P Coefficient of Performance (how much energy is required to create a unit of cooling or heating) E lastomer Polymer with the property of elasticity (rubber/plastic often used to seal). G lide See Temperature glide GWGW P Global Warming Potential HCs Hydrocarbons HCFCs Hydrochlorofluorocarbons HFCs Hydrofluorocarbons IE A International Energy Agency II R International Institute of Refrigeration LC A Life Cycle Analyses LCCLCC Life Cycle Cost MO Mineral Oil OD P Ozone Depletion Potential PAG Polyalkylene glycols POE Polyolester Oil PVE Polyvinylether Oil RAC Refrigeration and Air conditioning T emperature glide F or a refrigerant that consist of two or more components that do not behave as a single component (non-azeotrope = zeotrope). The difference between dew point and bubble point of a “zeotrope” refrigerant at a given pressure. In a condenser this is the correct definition. For an evaporator the definition according to the AREP (Alternative Refrigerant Evaluation Program) is the difference between temperature at evaporator inlet and dew point. The evaporation is slightly higher than bubble point. TEWI Total Equivalent Warming Impact TEWI = ( GWP * L * n ) + ( GWP * m [1-αrecover]) + (n * Εannual *β) GWGW P = Global warming potential [ CO2-related ] L = Leakage rate per year [ kg ] n = System operating time [ Years ] m = Refrigerant charge [ kg ] αrecover = Recycling factor Εannual = Energy Consumption per year [ kWh ] β = CO2-Emissions per kWh [ Energy – Mix ] V RF Variable Refrigerant Flow, abbreviations used to describe systems with variable capacity. V RV Variable Refrigerant Volume (Daikin’s name for VRF) Z eotropic (non-azeotropic) refrigerant A refrigerant that has a temperature “glide” during condensing and evaporation. The consequence of the “glide” is that system designs need to take this into account and be designed with counter flow heat exchangers. Zeotropic blends also need to be handled with care to during charging to avoid concentration shift. Leaks and repeated recharge can also affect the composition. Abbreviations and definitions Indirect global warming potential direct global warming potential L eakage R ecovery loss Energy cons.